Many white dogs, including the Maltese, have unattractive tear staining. In fact, according to one study, 93 percent of 600 Maltese owners surveyed reported a tear-staining problem with their dog. There can be multiple causes (including genetics) but it often starts with a dog who produces excess “tears,” which wet the fur around the eyes and create an environment perfect for various yeasts. Less frequently, bacteria in the tear ducts may be the culprits.

In some cases the tear ducts can be clogged, a fairly common problem with toy breeds; they may have to be surgically opened. And, believe it or not, even an ear infection can “spill over,” producing excessive tearing in the eyes—another reason to keep those ears in good order. In a few cases, allergies, especially to smoke, may case the excess tearing and resultant stains.

In some cases, the staining doesn’t appear until the dog starts to cut his adult teeth. The eruption of the new teeth may be putting temporary pressure on the tear ducts. Usually the problem will clear up on its own as the dog matures, but it also helps to make sure your Maltese has a number of chew toys to help relieve the pressure. It helps to keep the face as dry as possible during this period, so the yeast responsible for the ugly brown-red color doesn’t get a
foothold.

Once you find the cause, there are a number of options available to get rid of the stains. The first step is to keep your dog clean with the hair out of his eyes. Make sure he gets plenty of fresh air and sunshine, too! If the air in your home is impure, consider adding a filter system. The whole family will
benefit.

If the staining is caused by bacteria in the tears ducts, a ten day course of certain antibiotics may be helpful.
Some that have been used successfully include tetracycline, chlortetracycline, delta AlbaPlex, neomycin, and Lincocin. In cases where the responsible agent is yeast, your vet may suggest otomax or xonodine. Some folks have also had success using collyrium, a mild, soothing eye wash that contains boric acid and buffers. It is available over-the-counter at most drug stores.

To remove the tear stains themselves, you can try any number of various commercial products now on the market. Select one that works best for you, or ask your vet or groomer for advice.